Emergency services were called to the jail complex shortly before 2pm on Saturday afternoon following reports that a man had been stabbed inside the jail's maximum security yard.

The 33-year-old inmate received "multiple stab wounds to the neck, chest and abdomen" throughout the altercation, a NSW Ambulance spokesman said.

Ambulance officers worked inside the jail to stabilise the man before transferring him by road ambulance to Goulburn Hospital.

The man was then airlifted to Canberra Base Hospital in a serious condition, where he remains under the guard of corrective services.

The stabbing occurred just minutes after a major police and corrective services operation at the jail had concluded.

In an effort to prevent contraband from entering the jail and ending up in the hands of inmates, police and corrective services screened more than 120 visitors for drugs and drug paraphernalia

13 people visiting the Goulburn jail were refused entry after they were allegedly found in possession of drugs or with drugs in their system.

Two men and a woman were charged with drug possession for methamphetamine, three people were issued with consorting warnings and 18 cars were searched.

Hume Local Area Command crime manager, Detective Inspector Chad Gillies, said the operations will continue as police try to prevent contraband from entering the prison.

"These operations will continue and underline our commitment to preventing the introduction of illicit drugs and contraband into the correctional centre," Det Insp Gillies said in a statement on Saturday.

Corrective services are investigating the circumstances surrounding the stabbing.